Core Azure Services, covering Azure Compute, App Services, Kubernetes, Logic Apps, and
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Azure Compute (VMs, Containers, Serverless)
1. What is Azure Compute?
Answer: A service category in Azure that includes VMs, containers, and serverless functions for running applications.
2. What are Virtual Machines (VMs) in Azure?
Answer: Virtual Machines are emulated physical computers providing IaaS for hosting applications.
3. What is Azure VM Scale Sets?
Answer: A feature to create and manage a group of identical VMs that scale automatically.
4. What is the purpose of Azure Dedicated Host?
Answer: A physical server reserved for your exclusive use to meet compliance and isolation requirements.
5. What is the difference between Standard and Spot VMs?
Answer:
o Standard VMs: Regular pay-as-you-go pricing.
o Spot VMs: Discounted VMs for workloads that can tolerate interruptions.
6. What are VM Images in Azure?
Answer: Pre-configured operating systems or configurations used to create new VMs.
7. What is the difference between Windows and Linux VMs?
Answer: They differ in operating systems; Azure supports both for various workloads.
8. What is Azure Container Instances (ACI)?
Answer: A PaaS for running containers without needing to manage VMs or orchestrators.
9. What is the difference between ACI and Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)?
Answer:
o ACI: Simplified, standalone container management.
o AKS: Full Kubernetes orchestration for managing containerized applications.
10. What is serverless computing in Azure?
Answer: A model where infrastructure management is abstracted, allowing developers to focus on code (e.g., Azure Functions).
11. What is Azure Functions?
Answer: A serverless compute service for running small pieces of code triggered by events.
12. What are Durable Functions?
Answer: Extensions of Azure Functions for building workflows with orchestration and state management.
13. What is an Azure Batch?
Answer: A service for running large-scale parallel and high-performance computing tasks.
14. What is the difference between IaaS and PaaS in Azure Compute?
Answer:
o IaaS: Provides infrastructure like VMs.
o PaaS: Offers a platform for app deployment, like App Service.
15. What are Reserved Instances?
Answer: Prepaid VMs for 1- or 3-year terms, offering cost savings over pay-as-you-go pricing.
Azure App Service (PaaS for Applications)
16. What is Azure App Service?
Answer: A managed PaaS for hosting web apps, mobile apps, and RESTful APIs.
17. What are the supported languages in Azure App Service?
Answer: .NET, Java, Python, PHP, Node.js, and Ruby.
18. What are App Service Plans?
Answer: Pricing tiers determining the resources allocated for hosting an app.
19. What is Azure Web Apps?
Answer: A part of App Service for hosting web applications.
20. What is Azure API Apps?
Answer: A part of App Service for building and hosting RESTful APIs.
21. What is Azure Mobile Apps?
Answer: A feature for building mobile backends with offline sync, authentication, and push notifications.
22. What is Deployment Slot in App Service?
Answer: A feature for staging deployments before going live, allowing for easy swapping.
23. What is App Service Environment (ASE)?
Answer: A fully isolated and dedicated environment for securely running App Service applications.
24. What is the purpose of Continuous Deployment in App Service?
Answer: Automates deployment from GitHub, Azure Repos, or other version control systems.
25. What is Autoscaling in Azure App Service?
Answer: Dynamically adjusts the number of instances based on demand.
Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
26. What is Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)?
Answer: A managed Kubernetes service for deploying, managing, and scaling containerized applications.
27. What is Kubernetes?
Answer: An open-source container orchestration platform for automating deployment, scaling, and management.
28. What is a Pod in AKS?
Answer: The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, containing one or more containers.
29. What is a Node in AKS?
Answer: A VM or physical machine that runs Pods in Kubernetes.
30. What is the difference between AKS and ACI?
Answer:
o AKS: Full container orchestration with Kubernetes.
o ACI: Lightweight container instances without orchestration.
31. What is a Kubernetes Cluster?
Answer: A group of nodes managed by Kubernetes for deploying containerized applications.
32. What is Helm in Kubernetes?
Answer: A package manager for Kubernetes applications.
33. What is the Kubernetes Control Plane?
Answer: The component managing the cluster state and deployment of workloads.
34. What are Kubernetes Services?
Answer: Components that expose Pods to external networks or other Pods.
35. How is scaling achieved in AKS?
Answer: Through manual scaling or autoscaling based on resource usage.
Azure Logic Apps
36. What are Azure Logic Apps?
Answer: A service for automating workflows and integrating systems using a graphical interface.
37. What is a trigger in Logic Apps?
Answer: An event that starts a Logic App workflow, like receiving an email.
38. What is an action in Logic Apps?
Answer: A step executed as part of a workflow after the trigger.
39. What are connectors in Logic Apps?
Answer: Prebuilt integrations with services like Office 365, Salesforce, and Azure services.
40. What is the difference between Logic Apps and Power Automate?
Answer:
o Logic Apps: Focused on enterprise workflows.
o Power Automate: User-friendly automation for business users.
41. What is the purpose of Azure Monitor Logs in Logic Apps?
Answer: To track and analyze the execution of workflows.
42. What are Enterprise Connectors in Logic Apps?
Answer: Premium connectors for integrating enterprise applications and protocols.
43. What is a stateful Logic App?
Answer: A Logic App that tracks state across multiple runs.
44. What is a stateless Logic App?
Answer: A Logic App optimized for faster processing without state tracking.
45. What are Consumption and Standard tiers in Logic Apps?
Answer:
o Consumption: Pay-per-execution model.
o Standard: Fixed pricing for always-on workflows.
Storage and Databases in Core Services
46. What is Azure Blob Storage?
Answer: A service for storing unstructured data like documents, images, and videos.
47. What is Azure Table Storage?
Answer: A NoSQL key-value database for structured data.
48. What is Azure Cosmos DB?
Answer: A globally distributed, multi-model database service.
49. What is Azure SQL Database?
Answer: A fully managed relational database based on SQL Server.
50. What is the difference between Blob Storage and Data Lake?
Answer:
o Blob Storage: General-purpose object storage.
o Data Lake: Optimized for analytics and big data processing.
Miscellaneous Core Services Questions
51. What is Azure Service Bus?
Answer: A message broker for integrating applications and services.
52. What is Azure Event Grid?
Answer: A service for event-driven computing with near-real-time event delivery.
53. What is Azure Notification Hubs?
Answer: A service for sending push notifications to mobile devices.
54. What is Azure SignalR Service?
Answer: A service for adding real-time communication to applications.
55. What is Azure Front Door?
Answer: A global load balancer for optimizing application delivery and performance.
56. What is Azure Traffic Manager?
Answer: A DNS-based traffic load balancer for directing user requests.
57. What is Azure Load Balancer?
Answer: A service for distributing incoming network traffic across multiple resources.
58. What is Azure Application Gateway?
Answer: A web traffic load balancer with SSL termination and WAF capabilities.
59. What is Azure Bastion?
Answer: A secure way to connect to VMs without exposing them to public IPs.
60. What is Azure Key Vault?
Answer: A service for storing and accessing secrets, keys, and certificates securely.
Azure Networking (Expanded Questions and Answers)
Virtual Networks and Connectivity
1. What is a Virtual Network (VNet)?
Answer: An isolated Azure network for securely connecting cloud resources.
2. What is the maximum number of VNets you can create in a region?
Answer: It depends on the subscription and quotas set by Azure.
3. What are subnets in a VNet?
Answer: Subdivisions within a VNet to organize and isolate resources.
4. What is the purpose of a Network Security Group (NSG)?
Answer: To control inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet or NIC level.
5. What is a Route Table in Azure?
Answer: A set of rules defining how network traffic is directed within a VNet.
6. What is Peering in Azure VNets?
Answer: A connection between VNets for resource communication without public internet.
7. What is the difference between VNet-to-VNet and VNet Peering?
Answer:
o VNet-to-VNet: Uses a VPN gateway for secure connections.
o VNet Peering: Direct connection with low latency.
8. What is the role of Azure DNS in a VNet?
Answer: To resolve domain names for resources within the VNet.
9. What is a Private Link in Azure?
Answer: Enables private access to Azure services over the VNet.
10. What is Service Endpoint?
Answer: Allows secure connection to Azure services over a VNet without a public IP.
Load Balancing
11. What is the purpose of an Azure Load Balancer?
Answer: To distribute incoming traffic across multiple resources.
12. What are the types of Azure Load Balancers?
Answer: Public and Internal Load Balancers.
13. What is the difference between Layer 4 and Layer 7 Load Balancers?
Answer:
o Layer 4: Operates on the transport layer (e.g., Azure Load Balancer).
o Layer 7: Operates on the application layer (e.g., Application Gateway).
14. What is a Backend Pool in Load Balancers?
Answer: A group of resources (VMs, instances) receiving traffic from the Load Balancer.
15. What is a Health Probe in Azure Load Balancer?
Answer: A mechanism to check the availability of backend resources.
16. What is the role of NAT rules in Azure Load Balancers?
Answer: To translate public IP addresses and ports to private IP addresses.
17. Can Azure Load Balancer handle HTTPS traffic?
Answer: No, it works at Layer 4 (TCP/UDP); use Application Gateway for HTTPS.
18. What is Azure Traffic Manager?
Answer: A DNS-based global traffic routing service for distributing traffic across multiple regions.
19. What is Priority Routing in Traffic Manager?
Answer: Directs traffic to a primary endpoint and fails over to secondary ones.
20. What is Weighted Routing in Traffic Manager?
Answer: Distributes traffic proportionally across endpoints based on assigned weights.
Azure ExpressRoute
21. What is Azure ExpressRoute?
Answer: A dedicated private connection from an on-premises network to Azure.
22. What are the benefits of ExpressRoute?
Answer: Lower latency, higher reliability, and increased security compared to VPN.
23. What are the connectivity models for ExpressRoute?
Answer:
o Any-to-Any (IPVPN)
o Point-to-Point Ethernet
o Cloud Exchange Co-location
24. What is an ExpressRoute Circuit?
Answer: A logical connection for establishing private connectivity between Azure and your network.
25. What is Global Reach in ExpressRoute?
Answer: Enables private connectivity between your on-premises locations through ExpressRoute.
26. What is ExpressRoute Direct?
Answer: Provides dedicated dual 100 Gbps or 10 Gbps connectivity to Azure.
27. What is ExpressRoute FastPath?
Answer: A feature to improve the data path between on-premises networks and VNets.
28. What is the difference between VPN and ExpressRoute?
Answer: VPN uses the public internet, while ExpressRoute is a private connection.
29. What is an ExpressRoute Gateway?
Answer: A specialized VNet gateway used with ExpressRoute circuits.
30. What is the SLA for ExpressRoute?
Answer: 99.95% for private peering and Microsoft peering.
Public and Private IPs
31. What is a Public IP in Azure?
Answer: An IP address accessible over the internet, used for Azure resources.
32. What is a Private IP in Azure?
Answer: An IP address limited to a private network, used for internal communication.
33. What are Static and Dynamic IPs?
Answer:
o Static IP: Remains constant.
o Dynamic IP: Changes when resources are restarted.
34. What is an IP Prefix?
Answer: A range of public IP addresses reserved for your subscription.
35. What is an IP Allocation Method in Azure?
Answer: Determines whether an IP is static or dynamic.
36. Can a Public IP be assigned to a NIC in Azure?
Answer: Yes, it can be associated directly with a NIC or a Load Balancer.
37. What is an Azure Public IP SKU?
Answer:
o Basic: For non-zonal services.
o Standard: Supports zone redundancy and high availability.
38. What is an IP Configuration in Azure?
Answer: Defines the private and public IPs assigned to a resource.
39. What is an Azure Reserved IP?
Answer: A public IP address reserved for use with your resources.
40. What is Bring Your Own IP (BYOIP) in Azure?
Answer: Allows you to use your own IP ranges in Azure.
Azure Security and Connectivity
41. What is a VPN Gateway?
Answer: A gateway used to establish secure connections between Azure and on- premises networks.
42. What are the types of VPN Gateways in Azure?
Answer: Policy-based and Route-based VPNs.
43. What is the purpose of Azure Bastion?
Answer: To securely connect to VMs without exposing them to public IPs.
44. What is Point-to-Site VPN?
Answer: A VPN connection from an individual device to an Azure VNet.
45. What is Site-to-Site VPN?
Answer: A VPN connection between an on-premises network and an Azure VNet.
46. What is VNet-to-VNet VPN?
Answer: A VPN connection between two VNets in Azure.
47. What is the difference between Standard and Basic VPN Gateways?
Answer: Standard gateways support higher throughput and additional features.
48. What is Forced Tunneling in Azure?
Answer: A configuration to route internet traffic through an on-premises network.
49. What is Azure Firewall?
Answer: A managed network security service to control traffic flow in and out of Azure.
50. What is the purpose of Application Gateway?
Answer: A Layer 7 load balancer with features like SSL offloading and Web Application Firewall (WAF).
Additional Networking Services
51. What is Azure Front Door?
Answer: A global load balancer and content delivery service.
52. What is Azure Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
Answer: A service to distribute content to users with minimal latency.
53. What is a Listener in Application Gateway?
Answer: A configuration for routing incoming requests to backend pools.
54. What is a Web Application Firewall (WAF)?
Answer: Protects web applications from common threats like SQL injection and cross-site scripting.
55. What is Azure DDoS Protection?
Answer: A service to protect Azure resources from Distributed Denial-of-Service attacks.
56. What is Azure Private Link?
Answer: Provides secure connectivity to Azure services over a private network.
57. What is a Virtual Network Gateway?
Answer: A gateway for connecting VNets or establishing VPN connections.
58. What is a BGP in Azure Networking?
Answer: Border Gateway Protocol used for routing between Azure VNets and on- premises networks.
59. What is the purpose of a Gateway Subnet?
Answer: A dedicated subnet for deploying gateways in a VNet.
60. What is NAT Gateway in Azure?
Answer: A service to enable outbound internet access for resources without exposing them