1. What is AWS?
A) AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a cloud computing platform that offers on-demand computing resources and services such as storage, databases,
networking, and more.
2. What are the benefits of using AWS?
A) Benefits include scalability, cost efficiency, flexibility, security, and high availability.
3. What types of cloud computing models does AWS offer?
A) The models include Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS).
4. What is an AWS Region?
A) A region is a specific geographical area that contains multiple AWS data centers(availability zones). Each region operates independently and provides services
closer to users for reduced latency.
5. What is an Availability Zone?
A) An Availability Zone (AZ) is a physical data center located within an AWS Region.
Each region has multiple AZs to ensure fault tolerance.
EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
1. What is EC2 in AWS?
A) EC2 is a web service that offers resizable compute capacity in the cloud, enabling users to launch and manage virtual machines (instances).
2. What are the different types of EC2 instances?
A) Instance types include General Purpose (e.g., t2, t3), Compute Optimized (e.g., c5), Memory Optimized (e.g., r5), Storage Optimized (e.g., i3), and GPU Instances(e.g., p3).
3. How do you launch an EC2 instance?
A) You can launch an instance through the AWS Management Console, AWS CLI, or AWS SDKs by selecting an AMI, instance type, and security settings.
4. What is an AMI (Amazon Machine Image)?
A) An AMI is a pre-configured template that contains the operating system, application server, and applications necessary to launch an EC2 instance.
5. What are EC2 key pairs?
A) Key pairs are used for secure login to EC2 instances, consisting of a public key (stored in AWS) and a private key (kept by the user).
6. What are the EC2 instance types based on workload?
A) Instance types include General Purpose (e.g., t3, m5), Compute Optimized (e.g., c5), Memory Optimized (e.g., r5), and Storage Optimized (e.g., i3).
7. What are Spot Instances?
A) Spot Instances are unused EC2 instances available at discounted rates, which can be interrupted by AWS with little notice.
8. What is Auto Scaling in AWS EC2?
A) Auto Scaling automatically adjusts the number of EC2 instances based on demand to sustain application performance and cost efficiency.
9. What is an Elastic IP in AWS?
A) An Elastic IP is a static, public IP address that can be linked to any instance or network interface in a VPC.
10. How do you stop and start an EC2 instance without losing data?
A) Stopping an instance shuts it down while preserving the attached EBS volumes. However, data on the instance store (ephemeral storage) will be lost.
S3 (Simple Storage Service)
1. What is Amazon S3?
A) Amazon S3 is an object storage service that saves data as objects within buckets, providing high availability, scalability, and durability.
2. What are the storage classes in S3?
A) The storage classes include Standard, Intelligent-Tiering, Standard-IA, One Zone-IA, Glacier, and Glacier Deep Archive.
3. How does versioning work in S3?
A) S3 versioning allows multiple versions of an object to be stored in a bucket, protecting against accidental overwrites or deletions.
4. What is an S3 bucket?
A) A bucket is a container used to store objects (files) in Amazon S3, with each bucket having a unique name.
5. What are S3 access control policies?
A) S3 uses Bucket Policies and ACLs (Access Control Lists) to manage access to buckets and objects.
6. What is S3 lifecycle management?
A) Lifecycle management automates the transition of objects between storage classes or deletes them after a defined period.
7. What is S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR)?
A) CRR automatically replicates objects in an S3 bucket to another bucket in a different AWS Region for disaster recovery or low-latency access.
8. How can you make S3 objects publicly accessible?
A) By configuring S3 bucket policies, ACLs, or enabling public read permissions for the objects.
9. What is S3 Transfer Acceleration?
A) This feature accelerates file uploads to S3 by utilizing Amazon CloudFront’s globally distributed edge locations.
10. How is encryption managed in S3?
A) S3 supports server-side encryption (SSE) using S3-managed keys (SSE-S3), KMS-managed keys (SSE-KMS), and customer-provided keys (SSE-C).
IAM (Identity and Access Management)
1. What is AWS IAM?
A) IAM is a service that enables users to securely control access to AWS resources through policies, roles, and user accounts.
2. What is an IAM policy?
A) An IAM policy specifies permissions for actions on AWS resources and is attached to users, groups, or roles to manage access.
3. What is an IAM role?
A) A role is an AWS identity with permission policies that can be assumed by entities like users, applications, or services.
4. How do you implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) in AWS?
A) MFA adds an extra security layer by requiring users to input a one-time password in addition to their regular credentials.
5. What distinguishes an IAM user from a role?
A) An IAM user is an AWS identity linked to login credentials, while a role is designed for granting temporary access to AWS resources.
RDS (Relational Database Service)
1. What is Amazon RDS?
A) RDS is a managed database service that supports relational databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server, and Amazon Aurora.
2. How do you ensure high availability in RDS?
A) RDS Multi-AZ deployment enhances availability by automatically replicating data to a standby instance in another AZ.
3. What is Amazon Aurora?
A) Amazon Aurora is a high-performance relational database engine compatible with MySQL and PostgreSQL, designed for cloud scalability and availability.
4. How does automated backup work in RDS?
A) RDS conducts daily automatic backups and retains transaction logs, facilitating point-in-time recovery.
5. What is the difference between RDS and DynamoDB?
A) RDS is for relational databases (SQL-based), while DynamoDB is a NoSQL database service designed for high throughput.