1. What is a Serverless application in AWS?
Ans. The AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) extends AWS CloudFormation to provide a simplified way of defining the Amazon API
Gateway APIs, AWS Lambda functions, and Amazon DynamoDB tables needed by your serverless application.
2. What is the use of Amazon ElastiCache?
Ans. Amazon ElastiCache is a web service that makes it easy to deploy, operate, and scale an in-memory data store or cache in the cloud.
3. Explain how the buffer is used in Amazon web services?
Ans. The buffer is used to make the system more robust to managetraffic or load by synchronizing different component.
4. Differentiate between stopping and terminating an instance
Ans. When an instance is stopped, the instance performs a normal shutdown and then transitions to a stopped state.
When an instance is terminated, the instance performs a normal shutdown, then the attached Amazon EBS volumes are deleted unless
the volume’s deleteOnTermination attribute is set to false.
5. Is it possible to change the private IP addresses of an EC2 while it is running/stopped in a VPC?
Ans. The primary private IP address cannot be changed. Secondary private addresses can be unassigned, assigned or moved between
interfaces or instances at any point.
6. Give one instance where you would prefer Provisioned IOPS over Standard RDS storage?
Ans. When you have batch-oriented workloads. These are some of the popular questions asked in AWS architect
interviews. Always be prepared to answer all types of questions — technical skills, interpersonal, leadership or methodology. If you are
someone who has recently started your career in cloud computing, you can always get certified in one of the technical courses like AWS
Architect to get the requisite knowledge and skills.
7. What is the importance of buffer in Amazon Web Services?
Ans. An Elastic Load Balancer ensures that the incoming traffic is distributed optimally across various AWS instances. A buffer will synchronize
different components and makes the arrangement additional elastic to a burst of load or traffic. The components are prone to work in an unstable
way of receiving and processing the requests. The buffer creates the equilibrium linking various apparatus and crafts them effort at the
identical rate to supply more rapid services.
8. What is the way to secure data for carrying in the cloud?
Ans.One thing must be ensured that no one should seize the information in the cloud while data is moving from point one to another and also there
should not be any leakage with the security key from several storerooms in the cloud. Segregation of information from additional companies’
information and then encrypting it by means of approved methods is one of the options.
Amazon Web Services offers you a secure way of carrying data in the cloud.
9. Name the several layers of Cloud Computing.
Ans. Here is the list of layers of the cloud computing
• PaaS – Platform as a Service
• IaaS – Infrastructure as a Service
• SaaS – Software as a Service
10. What are the components involved in Amazon Web Services?
Ans. There are 4 components involved and are as below.
Amazon S3 : with this, one can retrieve the key information which are occupied in creating cloud structural design and amount of produced
information also can be stored in this component that is the consequence of the key specified.
Amazon EC2 instance : helpful to run a large distributed system on the Hadoop cluster. Automatic parallelization and job scheduling can be
achieved by this component.
Amazon SQS : this component acts as a mediator between different controllers. Also worn for cushioning requirements those are obtained by
the manager of Amazon.
Amazon SimpleDB : helps in storing the transitional position log and the errands executed by the consumers.
11. Distinguish between scalability and flexibility
Ans. The aptitude of any scheme to enhance the tasks on hand on its present hardware resources to grip inconsistency in command is known as
scalability. The capability of a scheme to augment the tasks on hand on its present and supplementary hardware property is recognized as
flexibility, hence enabling the industry to convene command devoid of putting in the infrastructure at all. AWS has several configuration
management solutions for AWS scalability, flexibility, availability and management.
12. Name the various layers of the cloud architecture
Ans. There are 5 layers and are listed below
• CC- Cluster Controller
• SC- Storage Controller
• CLC- Cloud Controller
• Walrus
• NC- Node Controller
13. Which automation gears can help with spinup services?
Ans.The API tools can be used for spinup services and also for the written scripts. Those scripts could be coded in Perl, bash or other languages of
your preference. There is one more option that is patterned administration and stipulating tools such as a dummy or improved
descendant. A tool called Scalr can also be used and finally we can go with a controlled explanation like a Rightscale.
14. Is it possible to scale an Amazon instance vertically? How?
Ans. Yes. This is an incredible characteristic of cloud virtualization and AWS. Spinup is a huge case when compared to the one which you are running
with. Let up the instance and separate the root EBS volume from this server and remove. Next, stop your live instance, remove its root volume.
Note down the distinctive device ID and attach root volume to your new server and start it again. This is the way to scaling vertically in place.
15. How the processes start, stop and terminate works? How?
Ans. Starting and stopping of an instance: If an instance gets stopped or ended, the instance functions a usual power cut and then change over to
a clogged position. You can establish the case afterward since all the EBS volumes of Amazon remain attached. If an instance is in stopping state,
then you will not get charged for additional instance. Finishing the instance: If an instance gets terminated it tends to
perform a typical blackout, so the EBS volumes which are attached will get removed except the volume’s deleteOnTermination characteristic is
set to zero. In such cases, the instance will get removed and cannot set it up afterward.
16. What is the relation between an instance and AMI?
Ans. AMI can be elaborated as Amazon Machine Image, basically, a template consisting software configuration part. For example an OS, applications,
application server. If you start an instance, a duplicate of the AMI in a row as an unspoken attendant in the cloud.
17. What do you mean by classic link?
Ans.The Amazon virtual private cloud classic link will permit EC2 instances in the EC2 classic platform. This occurs so that it can communicate with the
instances that are present in the virtual private cloud. The communication occurs with the help of private IP addresses. In order to
use a classic link it is important that you enable it to for virtual private cloud in your account. Then you will need to associate a security group
with an instance in the EC2 classic. This security group is from the VPC for which you enabled the classic link in your account. Each and every
rule that is there for the VPC security group is applicable for the communications between the instances in EC2 classic and those
instances in the VPC.
18. What is the process to use classic link?
Ans. For the purpose of using classic link, you will need to enable minimum one virtual private cloud on your account for classic link. After doing this,
you can associate a security group from that VPC to the EC2 classic instance that you would prefer. This will make sure that your EC2 classic
instance is linked to VPC. It will become a member of the chosen security group in the VPC. It should be remembered that you cannot connect
your EC2 classic instance to more than one virtual private cloud at the same time.
19. Is it possible for an EC2 classic instance to become a member of a virtual private cloud?
Ans.No, it is not possible for an EC2 classic instance to be a member of a VPC though it can become a member of the security group of virtual private
cloud. The security group should be associated with the EC2 classic instance.
20. Is it possible for classic link settings on EC2 classic interface to persist through start or stop cycles?
Ans.It is not possible for a classic link connection to persist through the start or stop cycles of the EC2 classic interface. After the EC2 classic interface
is stopped it will need to be linked back to a virtual private cloud. But the classic link will persist through the instance reboot cycles.
21.Is it possible to have more than two network interfaces to be attached to EC2 instance?
Ans. The number of network interfaces that are to be attached with an EC2 instance will depend on the type of the instance.
22. Can a network interface in one availability zone be attached with an instance in another availability zone?
Ans.The instances that are present in the same availability zone can be attached with network interfaces.
23 Can a network interface in one VPC be attached to an instance that is present in another VPC?
Ans. It is possible for the network interfaces to be attached to instances that are in the same virtual private cloud as that of the interface.
24. Is it possible to use elastic network interfaces in a way so that it can host multiple websites which are required to separate IP addresses on a single instance?
Ans. Yes it is a possible scenario but not the best suited use case in case of multiple interfaces. Apart from doing this it is much more logical to
assign an additional private IP address to the instance and to associate the EIPs to the private IPs as per requirement.
25. Can a primary interface be detached on EC2 instance?
Ans. It is possible. You can only attach and detach secondary interfaces on an instance of EC2 but you would not be able to detach eth0 interface.
26. In order to access VPCs that you are peered with, can you make use of AWS direct connect or hardware VPN connections?
Ans. This is not a possible concept. Amazon VPC does not support edge to edge routing.
27. Is it possible to peer two VPCs with matching IP address ranges?
Ans. No, it is not possible to peer two VPCs with matching IP address ranges since peered VPCs should posses IP ranges that are non-overlapping.
28. In order to use peering connections, is it necessary to have an Internet gateway?
Ans. No, you do not need an Internet gateway in order to virtual private cloud peering connections.
29. The VPC peering traffic that is present with the region, is it encrypted?
Ans. No, the VPC peering traffic within the region is not encrypted. The traffic between instances that is present in peered VPCs does remain isolated
and private. This is similar to the fact the traffic between two instances in the same VPC are also isolated and private.
30 In case of peering connections, is there any limitation on bandwidth?
Ans. There is no difference in bandwidth between instances in peered VPCs and also between instances in the VPC. Peered VPCs can be spanned by
a placement group. But you will not be provided with full bisects on bandwidth that is present between instances in peered VPCs.
31. Is it possible to modify the route tables of virtual private cloud? If possible then how?
Ans. Yes, it is possible go modify the route table of VPC. In order to specify which subnets are to be routed to VPC, Internet gateway or any other
instances you are allowed to create route rules.
31. Is it possible to specify the subnet that will be used by a gateway as its default?
Ans. Yes, it possible to specify which subnet will be used by which gateway as its default. You are entitled to make a default route for each and every
subnet. Via the VPC, Internet gateway or the NAT gateway, the default route will be able to direct traffic to egress the virtual private cloud.
32 In order to control and mane Amazon VPC, is it possible to make use of AWS management console?
Ans. It is possible to use AWS management console to manage and control Amazon VPC objects that include subnets, virtual private cloud, IPsec
VPN connections, and Internet gateways. Also you can make use of a simple wizard in order to create a virtual private cloud.
33. What are the VPCs, elastic IP addresses, subnets, Internet gateways, virtual private gateways, customer gateways and VPN
connections can be created?
Ans. There are:-
1. There are five Amazon VPCs per AWS account per region.
2. For per Amazon VPC there are two hundred subnets
3. For per AWS account per region there are five Amazon VPC elastic IP addresses.
4. For per AWS per region there are five virtual private gateways.
5. For each VPC there is one Internet gateway.
6. There are fifty customer gateways for every AWS account per region.
7. For every virtual private gateway, there are ten IPsec VPN connections.
34. Is there a service level Agreement (SLA) for the Amazon VPC VPN connection?
Ans. No there is no service level agreement for Amazon VPC VPN connection.
35. Mention the work of an Amazon VPC router.
Ans. Enabling of Amazon EC2 instances that is within the subnet so that it can communicate with Amazon EC2 instances on other subnets that are in
the same VPC is done by an Amazon VPC router. It also helps in enabling Internet gateways, subnets, and virtual private gateways so that it can
communicate with each other. You will not get between usage data from the router. But you are entitled to obtain network usage statistics from
the instances which are using Amazon cloud watch.
36. Is the property of multicast or broadcast supported by Amazon VPC?
Ans. No, Amazon VPC do not support multicast or broadcast.
37. Mention the process in which a VPC access the Internet.
Ans. In order to give instances in the VPC the power to both direct communicate outbound to the Internet and also to get the unsolicited
inbound traffic from the Internet, you can make use of public IP addresses which include elastic IP addresses.
38. Mention the process in which instances without public IP addresses access the Internet.
Ans.There are two ways in which instances without public addresses can make use of the Internet.
Those instances that are without public IP addresses can route their traffic through a NAT instance or a NAT gateway so that it can access the
Internet. In order to traverse the Internet, these instances make use of public IP address of the NAT gateway or the NAT instance. Outbound
communication is allowed by the NAT instance or NAT gateway but it do not permit machines on the Internet to start a connection with the
addressed instances privately.
For those VPCs that are provided by a hardware VPN connection or direct connect connection, the instances can route the Internet traffic
through the virtual private gateway to the existing data centre. It can then access the Internet through the existing egress points and also new
tweak security or monitoring devices.
39. Mention the process in which a hardware VPN connection turns work with Amazon VPC.
Ans. The virtual private cloud is connected to the data centre with the help of a hardware VPN connection. Internet protocol security VPN connections
are supported by Amazon. In order to intern the integrity and confidentiality of a data which is in transit, this data is transferred
between the VPN and the data centres are routed over an encrypted VPN connection. To establish a hardware VPN connection you do not
need an Internet gateway.
40. How can one connect a VPC to corporate data centre?
Ans. In order to establish a hardware VPN connection among an existing
network and Amazon, VPC will permit you to interact with Amazon EC2 instances that are present within a VPC as if they were already present
within the existing network. Network address translation is not performed by AWS on Amazon EC2 instances that are present within a
VPN connection that is VPC accessed through hardware.